(1)Takusari system
According to Encyclopedia Britannica, The definition of Geometric system is that the consonants are drawn from simple geometrical forms, straight line and shallow curves.
In early Meij era, Koki Takusari happened to take a look at a shorthand script in a journal “Popular Educator” at Robert Carlyle’s house in 1870.
At that time, Takusari did not have special interest in shorthand though, he soon devoted himself in developing Japanese shorthand.

But the first shorthand instruction book was “New Writing Method for Parliamentary Proceedings “by Ooi Kuroiwa and Masu Heki in July, 1883. Lindsley system influenced Kuroiwa.